Archaeologists Found 12 Thousand Year Old Steel

      Archaeologists have found a steel mine oxide was 12 thousand years in Chile, which is a testament to mine the oldest ever found.

The report will be published in the journal Current Anthropology menungkap that the team of researchers led by Diego Salazar of the Universidad de Chile, discovered 40 meters deep mines in the coastal city of Taltal, southern Chile.
The mine was dug by people Huentelauquen, who first occupied the area. Similarly, as quoted by Eurika Alert.

People Huentelauquen using steel oxide to color the stones and bones made ​​their accessories. "Perhaps also to color their bodies and clothing," said the researchers.

"This proves that mining has been known for a long time, and requires special skills," wrote Salazar in Current Anthropology.

Approximately 700 cubic yards and 2 thousand tons of rock excavated from the mine. Age of carbon found in charcoal and shells in mine hinted that the site is 12 thousand years old, which is then used back approximately 4,300 years ago.

"Exploitation of more than a thousand years in the mine, indicating knowledge about the location, the substance contained therein, as well as excavation techniques, has been handed down over the centuries by the people Huentelauquen," wrote the researchers.

Prior to this discovery, an ancient copper mines were also found in North America that was approximately 4500 out

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Bacteria that can survive radiation

     The word radiation is a word that is familiar among us. In the physical sciences of physics, radiation describes any process in which energy moves through the media or through space, and eventually absorbed by other objects. Radiation was dangerous, but some are very dangerous. Examples of radiation is dangerous is nuclear radiation. This time, Serupedia not be much more to discuss radiation. But will talk about small animals that can survive radiation.
D. Radiodurans is the name of bacteria that can live and survive from radiation. He was able to withstand the radiation doses a thousand times stronger than a human acceptable dose. This ability is acquired because his DNA recovery system is unique. These organisms may still be alive in radiation exposure many times more than the amount generally kill other organisms. Chromosome D. radiodurans can be formed even after destroyed by radiasi.Oleh therefore, D. radioduransadalah organisms most tolerant of DNA damage have been identified

D. radiodurans was first detected by Anderson et al. in 1956 in the canned meat sterilized with radiation and X-rays were not irradiated. Remarkably, despite sterilized but still occurs in meat spoilage microorganism activity that concluded there was in it.

Man who received radiation generally die from the radioactive particles destroy DNA. As a result, the body's regulatory system was halted. However, it is not a bacteria, it is amazing he was able to reconstruct his DNA had been destroyed.

One of the problems encountered when people try to live on the moon or Mars, is a pretty deadly radiation. If the bacteria are released in the air, the radiation there will not be able to affect the body.

So, if one day we might have been able to explore space and its planets, do not be surprised if one day we can find a creature like this in there.

Indonesia The Best Looking Asteroid DA14

Indonesia is the best place to see the asteroids that pass near Earth. So said Deputy Science Aerospace Research and Information National Aeronautics and Space Agency (Lapan), Prof. Dr. Thomas Djamaluddin.

"Best area to see the asteroid is in Indonesia because the asteroid is passing south of the sky," said Thomas, Friday (02/08/2013).

Asteroids, said Thomas, will look and reflect sunlight on a Saturday morning February 16, 2013 at around 2:26 pm.

Indonesia has the closest distance to see the asteroid. The closest point to the earth is only about 21,000 km, in the orbit of the GPS satellites.

"Almost the whole of Indonesia can see the asteroid, but must use a telescope, can not with the naked eye," he added.

2012 DA14 Astreoid it would seem like a dim star passing rapidly from the sky relative Southwest towards the Northeast.

Asteroid 2012 DA14 called the estimated size of about 45 meters will pass very close to Earth. The asteroid this time it did not affect anything else on earth, including the work does not interfere with satellites in earth. However, within 97 years, or rather February 16, 2110, is estimated to potentially grind the earth.

Thomas explains, potential asteroid measuring 45 meters if it hit the Earth will have roughly similar to the Tunguska impact on June 30, 1908 that destroyed forests in Siberia Jakarta area, which means the impact destroyed the region roughly equivalent to the big city.

Asteroids in general are objects of the solar system consisting of rocks and minerals are mostly frozen metal is in a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

How can plants absorb water and minerals from the soil ?

Plants may be best mindless creatures ever created. Discussed now is how plants are able to absorb water and minerals from the soil until it reaches a height of hundreds of meters? Well, it's unbelievable. How not, that would be against gravity. Even with today's most sophisticated technology requires a sophisticated pump to do such a thing.
But, how plants can do?

It is easy for God to do it. But, for us to solve it alone is difficult. Until now, scientists have not been able to ascertain the exact theory on the matter. Scientists are only able to ask some plausible theory about this. One of the most popular theories is that plants utilize water pressure difference inside and outside the cell carrier (xylem). Thus, plants must continuously adjust the pressure in the cells xilemnya. Just so you know, xylem cells are dead cells. Xylem consists of vessel cells and trakeid. Cells were like pores that are connected allowing water to pass through.
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And how plants utilize the pressure difference?

When the pressure outside the cells, the plants should strive to maintain the pressure in the cell to vaporize not too much, because it can cause the water outside the cells get too much and that will can lead to excess water and rotting vegetation. Then, if the pressure on the outside of the cell is low, the plants have to adjust the pressure in the cell untul lower so that water from the plant is not out of the cell and vice versa, the water from outside the cell to enter the cell. That way, the plants can take as much water.

It Never Was Pyramid History in Indonesia

Acting Director General of History and Antiquities Ministry of Culture and Tourism, I Gde Pitana, said there was never a history of pyramids in Indonesia. This he said, responding to the "discovery" conical stone structures that resemble pyramids in the area of ​​Mount Lalakon, Bandung, and Mount Saduhurip, Garut, West Java.

"In the history of Indonesia has never been and never any history of the pyramids," Gde Pitana in Jakarta, Sunday (10/12/2011).

Besides, according to him, logically, generally human pyramids built for the spiritual benefit of the worship of the gods.

In Indonesia, he said, had too many peaks that most likely people in Indonesia in the ancient times less likely to need to build the pyramids.

"Until now there has not been any archaeological finds that indicate there is a pyramid in Indonesia," he said.

However, it accommodates all forms of information conveyed by various circles of society and follow the truth as soon as possible or else ketidakbenarannya.

He said he himself had been officially commissioned the London Archaeological Center to conduct the testing, research, assessment, and excavation to prove the rock structure is a pyramid or not.

"So it can not be ascertained, the information we received was a conical stone structure up-stairs like a step-pyramid. I can not say it correctly (pyramid) or not," said Gde Pitana.

He added, an archaeologist from the previous ITB have found similar structures were mostly found in the islands, where many mainland emerged as a result of rising sea water.

"The structure of such a lot going on in Indonesia, if so means this is not the result of human culture," he said.

Even so, it would still follow up on reports from the public and prove the truth of theories about the pyramids in Indonesia.

Site Mount Padang Older than the Pyramids of Giza

Ancient catastrophic disaster research team strongly suspect the existence of pyramid building on the site of Mount Padang in Cianjur and Mount Sadahurip in Garut, West Java. Allegations were invited controversy by archaeologists and geologists who had examined the sites of geological and archaeological heritage.
According to one member of the research team Purba catastrophic disaster, Danny Hilman, they drilled up to 20 meters deep in Padang Mountain, not far from the site of megaliths, and found three cavities in the body of the mountain. One of the three room measuring 10 meters x 20 meters. The position of the third storey room.
The results were presented at the Office of the Cabinet Secretariat, on Tuesday (02/07/2012). "So far, archaeologists examined only megalithic site in the upper layer. Not much research into the deeper parts, "says Danny.
According to him, the previous researchers consider the findings in Mount Padang just plain megalithic sites. The results of the drilling team found a layer of building a foundation from 4700 BC. Older than the pyramids of Giza in Egypt 3500 BC old.
Andang Bachtiar, who is also a member of the Research Team for Disaster catastrophic Purba, said drilling discovered a layer of sand. "We are looking for whether it's part coating earthquake-resistant technology," he said.
Not to mention there is a clarification of the existence of the pyramids, the team also suspect there is a pyramid on Mount Sadahurip. The team also observed that the physical form of the two mountains like a pyramid.
The discovery at the site Sadahurip and Padang claimed some of its findings Ancient catastrophic disaster team established the Special Staff of the President of Social Assistance and Natural Disasters, Andi Arief. A team of nine people from different disciplines, such as geology, geophysics, paleotsunami (the study of ancient tsunamis), paleosedimentasi, geodynamics, archeologists, philologists (manuscript expert), and anthropologist.
The team is also investigating several sites elsewhere. The goal is to understand what it was a natural occurrence that destroy human civilization great time. Research will continue through 2.5 years of research approaches, surveys, ancient manuscripts, and others.
Some geologists and archaeologists dismiss the pyramid building in both mountain. Sutikno Bronto, a geologist who studied ancient volcano, said the two mountain was "just" an ancient volcano. Not contain the pyramid mound.
The characteristics of ancient mountain locations, continued Sutikno, is a constituent of rocks are the result of local volcanic activity. Age Padang ancient volcano more than 2 million years, while Sadahurip thousands of years.
Geologists from BP Migas, Awang Harun Satyana, say, Indonesia recognize the shape of the pyramid, ie punden terraces. To prove the existence of pyramids in Sadahurip and Padang, a thorough investigation is needed.
As the location of the pyramids in Egypt or Mexico, usually colored by myths and legends. Similarly, the location pramida Mount Sadahurip, considered sacred by the local residents, though many used around the site of cultivation and vegetable crops. The researchers from home and abroad, as well as more and more people or tourists who visit the site.
Location of Mount Sadahurip the east village Cicapar, Rural District Sukahurip Pangatikan, while the west village Sindanggalih, Sindanggalih Village, District Karangtengah, Garut. The existence of pyramids that are still hidden is believed to boost the tourism sector Garut particular and Indonesia in general. Especially after the excavation and reconstruction of the building material, then the foreign tourists will flood this location. Consequently various supporting infrastructure such as airports, roads, hotels and restaurants should be prepared.
The existence of pyramids in Garut show the world that Indonesia is the forerunner of world civilization. The existence of faulting earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in the period, including tertimbunnya damage and impact on world civilization is at the center of the earth. Well, this is one of the things that Tim Ancient catastrophic disaster, browse past cultural glory.

Allegedly Discovered Planet Could Uninhabitable

International group of scientists said that finding the alleged super planet habitable by humans. As mentioned in the ASP (Astrophysical Journal Letters), Thursday (02/02/2012), the travel time is super orbit about 28 days and the smallest mass is 4.5 times that of Earth.
The team consists of scientists from the University of California, Santa Cruz astronomer (UCSC) named Steven Vogt and Eugenio Rivera and is led by Guillem Anglada-Escud, and Paul Butler of the Carnegie Institution of Natural Science. The results of their findings, the path the planet is in the scope of the stars that can be occupied, the temperature is not too hot nor too cold for liquid surface.
The researchers found several things related to at least one or maybe two or even three additional planets around a star with a distance of about 22 light years from Earth.
Star of the planet is a member of the tri-star system and mengadung different matter from the sun to contain fewer number of elements heavier than helium, such as iron, carbon and silicon. This discovery indicates that the possibility of a buffer habitable planet can happen at the level of more extensive than previously believed.
The main star planet, dubbed GJ 667C is a little star level M. The two stars in the system tri-star (GJ 667 AB) is a pair of orange dwarf star with a core K level substance weighing only 25 percent of our sun. Elements are the foundation of the formation of planets in the universe that is considered impossible for a star system containing a small amount of metal has a low-mass planet.
"It seems to be expected to be an unusual star that has planets. Yet they were there, in the near vicinity and scope of a stellar example of that most contain little metal elements in our galaxy," said Vogt, Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at UCSC.
Vogt said the discovery of the planet with proximity and fast time to explain, that the Milky Way is filled with billions definitely rocky planets that might be habitable.